卷 首 语
谭庆琏谈城市建设
什么是现代化城市?至少有以下几方面的衡量标志：一是政府机构的精简、高效，二是经济发展水平，三是科技发展水平，四是基础设施的现代化，五是生态设施的现代化，六是精神文明建设。
市长的主要职责是：为经济发展创造条件，为提高人民生活提供服务，为基础设施、生态环境的现代化服务，为可持续发展服务。
北京下半年机动车猛增40万辆，小汽车总量已达200万辆，北京公交出行量仅占总出行量的10%～12%。首都已被人们戏称为“首堵”。如何解决大城市的交通拥堵?主要有两条对策：一是集中力量发展快速公共交通，包括地铁、轻轨、市郊铁路和快速公共交通系统。汉城人口约为1
000万人，目前有8条城市轨道交通线路，承担了36%的公共交通客运量；等到汉城地铁9号线建成通车，预计可以承担50%的客运量。二是对待小汽车的政策。我国人均GDP目前已经突破1
000美元，老百姓购买小汽车的欲望是无法抑制的。所以正确的政策不是去限制小汽车的拥有，而是限制其使用。可以适当采取收费、收汽油税、鼓励合乘等措施，并限制小汽车进入市中心。
——摘自：中国土木工程学会理事长、建设部原副部长谭庆琏同志2003年12月28日在上海市城市建设工程学校50周年校庆报告会上的讲话
Foreword
Tan Qinglian Talks About Urban Construction
How to identify a modernized city? I think
we can judge by the following criterions:1.
There is a streamlined government;2. The economic
growth is healthy;3. The development of science
and technology is fast;4.The urban infrastructure
is modernized;5.The ecological infrastructure
is modernized;6.The spiritual civilization is
on a high level.
In my opinion, the obligations for a mayor
shall be:1. To create conditions for economic
growth;2. To raise the standards of citizens'
life;3. To provide service for the modernization
of urban infrastructure and ecological environment;4.
To serve for the sustainable development of
the city.
From last June to the end of 2003, there was
a sharp increase of 400 000 more motor vehicles
in Beijing, making the total amount surpassed
2 millions. At the same time, all the public
transport took only 10%-20% of the traffic volume.
To the people, Beijing is no longer the “Capital”
in terms of culture and politics, but a “Capital
of Traffic Jam”
How to solve this severe traffic problem?
I think two measures shall be taken:1. Stick
at the development of fast speed public transport,including
metro,LRT,uburban railways,set up a system for
fast speed public transport.Take an example.The
population of Seoul is about 10 million,there
are 8 urban mass transit lines in the city,which
take 36% of all transportation volume.After
the completion of Metro Line 9,the share will
reach 50% or even more.2. Make prudent policy
for private cars.Since the average GDP has broke
through $1 000/person,and it is difficult to
restrain the desire of the people to buy private
cars.A correct policy is not to limit the possession
of private cars,but to limit the use of the
cars.The government may adopt proper measures,such
as to charge fees,levy gasoline taxes,encourage
coriding of a car and limit the entry of private
cars into downtown areas.
——Quoted from the speech of Tan Qinglian,Chairman
of China Association of Civil Engineering(CACE),former
deputy minister of the Ministry of Construction,at
the 50th Anniversary of the Founding of Shanghai
Urban Constuction Engineering School.
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